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【导读】华图自学考试频道同步华图教育发布：2022下半年自考英语二模拟题及答案（八）,详细信息请阅读下文!更多资讯请关注华图上学微信公众号(gh＿77568f84fe68)，欢迎大家电话咨询：17110152870 咨询自考报考问题。
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2022年下半年自考英语二模拟题(八)
On Nov 8. Wang Yaping, a female taikonaut of Shenzhou XIII mission, became China’s first and the world’s 16th female spacewalker. The expected six-month journey in space has left many people curious about the differences between male and female astronauts, especially in terms of performing extravehicular(舱外的)activities (EVAs). Despite physical challenges, female astronauts have unique advantages.
Mutual understanding between astronauts is very important for carrying out EVAs, which is the basis of excellent communication skills. Women arc superior in communication and language expression, and this helps female astronauts conduct EVAs. Female astronauts’ strong communication skills and energy also help the crew maintain high team spirit throughout their stay, according to Pang Zhihao, a spaceflight researcher in Beijing.
Men and women are different in body size, which also gives women unique advantages for spacewalks. A different body shape requires a different spacesuit. A tailor-made spacesuit was prepared for Wang’s EVAs, which was lighter than the male version. Designers optimized (优化) this spacesuit to make it more suitable for astronauts with slimmer figures.
Many studies have found that female astronauts are well adapted to carrying out space missions, and have advantages over male astronauts in qualities such as attention to detail and thinking from all angles. Besides, men often do well in shorter-term, goal-oriented situations, while women are better in longer-tenn, habitation-type circumstances, according to National Geographic.
Women’s participation in EVAs is a necessary part of space missions, and we are witnessing (见证)history thanks to Wang’s bravery, according to Pang.
1.What can female astronauts’ communication skills help do?
A.Conduct various tasks.
B.Do some space research.
C.Keep the crew’s spirits high.
D.Rise to physical challenges.
2.Which of the following is an advantage females have over male astronauts?
A.Females can adapt to space more quickly.
B.Female bodies are stronger and more flexible.
C.Females deal with goal-oriented situations better than males.
D.Females pay more attention to details and think comprehensively.
3.What do we know about Wang’s EVAs?
A.She is the first ever female spacewalker.
B.The spacesuit she wore was specially designed.
C.The mission she carried out showed the power of China.
D.She performed some tasks that her male partners couldn’t do.
4.What is the text mainly about?
A.The importance of female astronauts.
B.The advantages of females performing EVAs.
C.The preparations for the first female spacewalk.
D.The challenges female astronauts face during a spacewalk.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese astronaut Wang Yaping made history on November 7, 2021 ___5___ she became the country’s first woman to conduct a spacewalk.
Wang and fellow astronaut Zhai Zhigang, two of the three-member team currently at China’s new Tiangong space station, ___6___ (successful) completed the 6.5 hour spacewalk in the early hours of Monday morning. The third member of the Shenzhou-13 crew, Ye Guangfu, ___7___ (stay) on the space station to support the spacewalk from the core module.
During the spacewalk, the team installed a suspension device and transfer connectors to the station’s robotic arm. They also tested the ___8___ (safe) of supporting equipment, ___9___(include) China’s domestically produced spacesuit. It’s the first time that the crew ___10___(exit) the station since their arrival on October 16. Shortly after stepping out of the space station’s cabin on Sunday, Wang waved to ___11___ (audience) on Earth and said she felt great, in a video ___12___ (release) by the flight control center.
Wang is China’s second woman in space, after Liu Yang made history by joining ___13___ Shenzhou-9 spacecraft in 2012. Before Wang, only 15 women globally had conducted spacewalks ___14___ 1984, when Soviet astronaut Svetlana Savitskaya became the first to do so.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Liu Yang is a Chinese pilot and astronaut. On June 16, 2012, Liu became the first Chinese woman in space. She graduated ___15___ People’s Liberation Army Air Force Aviation College of Changchun. After two years of astronaut training, Liu __16__ (be) excellent in testing. Liu was selected for the crew(机组)of Shenzhou-IX, the first manned mission(任务)to the Chinese space station Tiangong-1. Liu became the first woman Chinese astronaut __17__ (go) into space. The mission was launched on June 16, 2012. During this manned space mission, Liu did some ___18___ (experiment) in space medicine.
Wang Yaping became a crew member of the Shenzhou-10 space mission in 2013. And more ___19___ (important), she was famous as China’s first space teacher after giving __20__ 40-minute live lesson to students from a place __21__ (many) than 300 kilometres above the Earth’s surface. Again Wang Yaping ___22___ (choose) to take part in the Shenzhou-13 crewed mission, with the spaceship launched on Oct. 16, 2021. She became the first woman who entered China’s space station core module(核心舱)__23__ is called Tianhe. She is very likely to draw global attention again during her second space mission. More ___24___ (challenge) tasks wait for her to complete: a spacewalk and the second class.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Wang Yaping, 41, is part of a three-member team heading for the Tiangong space station, ____25____ she is expected to become the first Chinese woman ____26____ (conduct) a spacewalk. This time, Wang’s team will stay for 183 days…the longest stay in space by Chinese astronauts. She will ____27____ (accompany) by Zhai Zhigang, 55, and Ye Guangfu, 41.
It will be Wang’s second space mission. A major in the Chinese People’s Liberation Army Air Force and a transport plane pilot, she was recruited(招募)as ____28____ astronaut in 2010.
In 2013, she spent 15 days in orbit. From a trial space station lab, she gave a science lecture to 60 million students across China, ____29____ (show) them surface tension of liquids in space, conducting Kung Fu moves and answering questions.
According to Wang, a manned space program ____30____female astronauts would be incomplete. “It is like a woman’s role in the family. Women have ____31____ (responsibility). We also make serious questions ____32____ (interesting) than on the earth,” she said.
Wang is China’s ____33____ (two) woman in space, after astronaut Liu Yang. In 2012, Liu made history by joining a three-person team on the Shenzhou-9 spacecraft—a milestone ____34____(celebrate) by women across China.
2022年下半年自考英语二模拟题(八)参考答案
1.C
2.D
3.B
4.B
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了女性宇航员执行太空任务的独特优势。
1.细节理解题。根据第二段“Female astronauts’ strong communication skills and energy also help the crew maintain high team spirit throughout their stay, according to Pang Zhihao, a spaceflight researcher in Beijing.”(北京航天研究员庞之浩表示，女性宇航员强大的沟通能力和精力也有助于全体宇航员在逗留期间保持高度的团队精神。)可知，女性宇航员的沟通技巧有助于全体宇航员保持高昂的情绪。故选C项。
2.细节理解题。根据第四段“Many studies have found that female astronauts are well adapted to carrying out space missions, and have advantages over male astronauts in qualities such as attention to detail and thinking from all angles.”(许多研究发现，女性宇航员非常适合执行太空任务，在注重细节和从各个角度思考等素质上比男性宇航员更具优势。)可知，与男性宇航员相比，女性宇航员具备的优势是更加注重细节，可以全面思考。故选D项。
3.细节理解题。根据第三段“A tailor-made spacesuit was prepared for Wang’s EVAs, which was lighter than the male version. Designers optimized this spacesuit to make it more suitable for astronauts with slimmer figures.”(为王亚平的EVAs准备了一套特制的宇航服，它比男版更轻。设计师们对这套宇航服进行了优化，使其更适合身材苗条的宇航员。)可知，王亚平的宇航服是专门设计的。故选B项。
4.主旨大意题。根据第一段“Despite physical challenges, female astronauts have unique advantages.”(尽管面临身体上的挑战，女性宇航员仍有独特的优势。)以及文章内容可知，文章主要介绍了女性宇航员执行太空任务的独特优势。故选B项。
5.when
6.successfully
7.stayed
8.safety
9.including
10.has exited##have exited
11.audiences
12.released
13.the
14.since
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国宇航员王亚平，她创造了历史，成为中国首位进行太空行走的女性。
5.考查定语从句的关系词。句意：2021年11月7日，中国宇航员王亚平创造了历史，成为中国首位进行太空行走的女性。先行词为November 7, 2021，设空处引导定语从句且在从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when。故填when。
6.考查副词。句意：周一凌晨，***和他的同事翟志刚成功完成了6.5小时的太空行走，他们是目前在中国新的天宫空间站的三人团队中的两名成员。设空处后为动词complete，设空处应为副词形式作状语修饰动词。故填successfully。
7.考查时态。句意：神舟十三号机组的第三名成员叶光福留在空间站，以支持核心舱的太空行走。设空处在句中作谓语，叙述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。故填stayed。
8.考查名词。句意：他们还测试了包括中国国产航天服在内的配套设备的安全性。设空处作动词tested的宾语，应用名词的形式，safety为抽象名词。故填safety。
9.考查介词。句意：他们还测试了包括中国国产航天服在内的配套设备的安全性。“介词including (包括……在内) +名词”作后置定语修饰supporting equipment。故填including。
10.考查时态。句意：这是自10月16日抵达空间站以来，宇航员首次离开空间站。设空处在句中作谓语，It is +序数词+that从句的时态应为现在完成时，主语为crew，crew表示飞机或轮船的全体工作人员时，是集合名词。用作主语时，若视为整体，谓语用单数;若考虑其个体，谓语用复数。结合主谓一致，故填has/have excited。
11.考查名词的数。句意：周日，在飞行控制中心发布的一段视频中，走出空间站后不久，王亚平就向地球上的观众挥手致意，说她感觉很棒。设空处作介词to的宾语，应用名词的形式，名词前无冠词修饰，应用名词复数的形式，表泛指。故填audiences。
12.考查非谓语动词。句意：周日，在飞行控制中心发布的一段视频中，走出空间站后不久，王亚平就向地球上的观众挥手致意，说她感觉很棒。设空处在句中作非谓语动词，和逻辑主语a video之间是逻辑的被动关系，用过去分词做后置定语，修饰名词a video。故填released。
13.考查冠词。句意：王亚平是中国第二位进入太空的女性，此前刘洋在2012年加入神舟九号飞船，创造了历史。设空处后为名词，根据后置定语“in 2012 (在2021年)”可知此处表示特指。应用定冠词the。故填the。
14.考查介词。句意：在王亚平之前，自1984年以来，当时苏联宇航员斯维特兰娜·萨维茨卡娅成为第一个这样做的人，全球只有15名女性进行了太空行走。结合句意，此处表示“自从……以来”。故填since。
15.from
16.was
17.to go
18.experiments
19.importantly
20.a
21.more
22.was chosen
23.that##which
24.challenging
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了两位中国女宇航员刘洋和王亚平的情况。
15.考查介词。句意：刘洋毕业于中国人民解放军空军长春航空学院。graduate from...为固定短语，意为“毕业于……”，设空处应填介词from。故填from。
16.考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：两年的宇航员训练之后，刘在测试方面表现出色。根据语境可推知，句子用一般过去时态。根据句子结构可知，设空处应填谓语动词，且主语she为第三人称单数，be应用was。故填was。
17.考查非谓语动词。句意：刘成为中国第一位进入太空的女宇航员。根据句子结构可知，句子谓语动词为became，设空处为动词不定式to go，作表语the first woman Chinese astronaut的后置定语，意为“第一个……的人”。故填to go。
18.考查名词复数。句意：在这次载人航天任务中，刘做了一些空间医学实验。根据句子结构可知，设空处为谓语动词did的宾语，由some修饰，experiment为可数名词，应填复数形式。故填experiments。
19.考查副词。句意：更重要的是，她是中国第一位太空教师，在距地球表面300多公里的地方给学生上了40分钟的直播课。根据句子结构可知，设空处为副词，修饰整个句子，作状语。important为形容词，其副词为importantly。故填importantly。
20.考查冠词。句意：更重要的是，她是中国第一位太空教师，在距地球表面300多公里的地方给学生上了40分钟的直播课。根据句子结构可知，lesson为宾语，可数名词，此处表示泛指，其定语40-minute发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a。故填a。
21.考查短语。句意：更重要的是，她是中国第一位太空教师，在距地球表面300多公里的地方给学生上了40分钟的直播课。more than为固定短语，符合句意。故填more。
22.考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：再一次，王亚平被选中参加神舟十三号载人飞船任务，飞船于2021年10月16日发射。根据句子结构及语境可知，设空处为谓语动词，用一般过去时，动词choose与逻辑主语Wang Yaping之间为动宾关系，故用被动语态，主语Wang Yaping为第三人称单数，助动词be用was。故填was chosen。
23.考查定语从句。句意：她成为第一个进入中国空间站核心舱“天河”的女性。根据句子结构可知，句子谓语动词为became，后跟由who引导的定语从句修饰表语the first woman，该定语从句中还包含一个定语从句，设空处应填关系代词，先行词为China’s space station core module，在这个定语从句中先行词作主语，为物，设空处可填which或者that。故填that/which。
24.考查形容词。句意：更有挑战性的任务等着她去完成:太空行走和第二节课。根据句子结构可知，设空处应填形容词，challenge为名词，其形容词为challenging，此处more challenging为形容词比较级做前置定语，修饰句子主语tasks。故填challenging。
25.where
26.to conduct
27.be accompanied
28.an
29.showing
30.without
31.responsibilities
32.more interesting
33.second
34.celebrated
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明女性宇航员王亚萍进入天宫执行任务表明女性在航天事业中的重要性。
25.考查定语从句。句意：41岁的王亚萍是前往天宫空间站的三人小组的一员，她有望成为第一位进行太空行走的中国女性。分析可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词代替先行词 the Tiangong space station在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where。故填where。
26.考查非谓语动词。句意：41岁的王亚萍是前往天宫空间站的三人小组的一员，她有望成为第一位进行太空行走的中国女性。名词被序数词修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语。the first Chinese woman to conduct a spacewalk“第一位进行太空行走的中国女性”。故填to conduct。
27.考查被动语态。句意：她将由55岁的翟志刚和41岁的叶光富陪同。主语she和accompany是被动关系，空前有will，空处用be done。故填be accompanied。
28.考查冠词。句意：作为中国人民解放军空军少校和运输机飞行员，她于2010年被招募为宇航员。astronaut“宇航员”为可数名词，此处是泛指，应用不定冠词，且astronaut以元音音素开头，故填an。
29.考查非谓语动词。句意：在一个试验性的空间站实验室里，她给全国6000万名学生做了一场科学讲座，向他们展示了太空中液体的表面张力，做了一些功夫动作，并回答了一些问题。句中已有谓语动词gave且无连词，故空处应用非谓语动词，作状语，show和逻辑主语she之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填showing。
30.考查介词。句意：王亚萍说，没有女性宇航员的载人航天计划是不完整的。根据下文“It is like a woman’s role in the family. ”可知，此处是指“没有女性航天员的载人航天计划是不完整的”，结合句子结构，介词without“没有”符合题意。故填without。
31.考查名词的数。句意：女性有责任。responsibility“责任”可数名词，此处没有修饰限定词，用复数形式表泛指。故填responsibilities。故填responsibilities。
32.考查形容词比较级。句意：我们也让地球上严肃的问题变得更有趣。此处应用形容词作宾语补足语，根据than可知用interesting的比较级形式more interesting。故填more interesting。
33.考查序数词。句意：王亚萍是继刘洋后第二位在太空的女性宇航员。结合句意表示“第二”应用序数词second。故填second。
34.考查非谓语动词。句意：2012年，刘洋在神舟九号飞船上加入了一个三人团队，创造了历史，是中国女性庆祝的里程碑。句中已有谓语动词made且无连词，故空处应用非谓语动词，celebrate和逻辑主语milestone之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式，作后置定语。故填celebrated。
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